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Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols - Committee On Examination Of Front Of Package Nutrition Rating Systems And Symbols - Bog -

Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols - Committee On Examination Of Front Of Package Nutrition Rating Systems And Symbols - Bog -

During the past decade, tremendous growth has occurred in the use of nutrition symbols and rating systems designed to summarize key nutritional aspects and characteristics of food products. These symbols and the systems that underlie them have become known as front-of-package (FOP) nutrition rating systems and symbols, even though the symbols themselves can be found anywhere on the front of a food package or on a retail shelf tag. Though not regulated and inconsistent in format, content, and criteria, FOP systems and symbols have the potential to provide useful guidance to consumers as well as maximize effectiveness. As a result, Congress directed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to undertake a study with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to examine and provide recommendations regarding FOP nutrition rating systems and symbols. The study was completed in two phases. Phase I focused primarily on the nutrition criteria underlying FOP systems. Phase II builds on the results of Phase I while focusing on aspects related to consumer understanding and behavior related to the development of a standardized FOP system. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols focuses on Phase II of the study. The report addresses the potential benefits of a single, standardized front-label food guidance system regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, assesses which icons are most effective with consumer audiences, and considers the systems/icons that best promote health and how to maximize their use.

DKK 292.00
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Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols - Committee On Examination Of Front Of Package Nutrition Ratings Systems And Symbols - Bog -

DKK 305.00
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Expanding Biofuel Production and the Transition to Advanced Biofuels - Science And Technology For Sustainability Program - Bog - National Academies

Caring for People with Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders in Primary Care Settings - Health And Medicine Division - Bog - National Academies

Caring for People with Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders in Primary Care Settings - Health And Medicine Division - Bog - National Academies

Behavioral health conditions, which include mental health and substance use disorders, affect approximately 20 percent of Americans. Of those with a substance use disorder, approximately 60 percent also have a mental health disorder. As many as 80 percent of patients with behavioral health conditions seek treatment in emergency rooms and primary care clinics, and between 60 and 70 percent of them are discharged without receiving behavioral health care services. More than two-thirds of primary care providers report that they are unable to connect patients with behavioral health providers because of a shortage of mental health providers and health insurance barriers. Part of the explanation for the lack of access to care lies in a historical legacy of discrimination and stigma that makes people reluctant to seek help and also led to segregated and inhumane services for those facing mental health and substance use disorders. In an effort to understanding the challenges and opportunities of providing essential components of care for people with mental health and substance use disorders in primary care settings, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Forum on Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders convened three webinars held on June 3, July 29, and August 26, 2020. The webinars addressed efforts to define essential components of care for people with mental health and substance use disorders in the primary care setting for depression, alcohol use disorders, and opioid use disorders; opportunities to build the health care workforce and delivery models that incorporate those essential components of care; and financial incentives and payment structures to support the implementation of those care models, including value-based payment strategies and practice-level incentives. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the webinars. Table of ContentsFront MatterProceedings of a WorkshopAppendix A: Workshop Statement of TaskAppendix B: Virtual Workshop Agenda

DKK 344.00
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Occupational Health Nurses and Respiratory Protection - Institute Of Medicine - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Challenges and Opportunities for Education About Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences - Board On Life Sciences - Bog - National Academies Press -

In Her Lifetime - Institute Of Medicine - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Research on Power-Frequency Fields Completed Under the Energy Policy Act of 1992 - National Research Council - Bog - National Academies Press -

Implementing Evidence-Based Prevention by Communities to Promote Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Health in Children - Health And Medicine

Implementing Evidence-Based Prevention by Communities to Promote Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Health in Children - Health And Medicine

Communities provide the context in which programs, principles, and policies are implemented. Their needs dictate the kinds of programs that community organizers and advocates, program developers and implementers, and researchers will bring to bear on a problem. Their characteristics help determine whether a program will succeed or fail. The detailed workings of programs cannot be separated from the communities in which they are embedded. Communities also represent the front line in addressing many behavioral health conditions experienced by children, adolescents, young adults, and their families. Given the importance of communities in shaping the health and well being of young people, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop in June 2016, to examine the implementation of evidence- based prevention by communities. Participants examined questions related to scaling up, managing, and sustaining science in communities. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. Table of ContentsFront Matter1 Introduction and Overview of the Workshop2 Transporting Evidence-Based Preventive Interventions into Communities3 Building Community Capacity for Choosing, Adapting, and Implementing Evidence-Based Programs4 Taking Advantage of Cutting-Edge Methodologies5 Programs or Principles?6 How to Sustain Funding7 Being Responsive to Communities8 Reports from the Breakout Groups and Final DiscussionReferencesAppendix A: Workshop Statement of TaskAppendix B: Workshop AgendaAppendix C: Biosketches of Workshop Speakers and Moderators

DKK 292.00
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Sustainable Critical Infrastructure Systems - Board On Infrastructure And The Constructed Environment - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Sustainable Critical Infrastructure Systems - Board On Infrastructure And The Constructed Environment - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

For the people of the United States, the 20th century was one of unprecedented population growth, economic development, and improved quality of life. The critical infrastructure systems-water, wastewater, power, transportation, and telecommunications-built in the 20th century have become so much a part of modern life that they are taken for granted. By 2030, 60 million more Americans will expect these systems to deliver essential services. Large segments and components of the nation's critical infrastructure systems are now 50 to 100 years old, and their performance and condition are deteriorating. Improvements are clearly necessary. However, approaching infrastructure renewal by continuing to use the same processes, practices, technologies, and materials that were developed in the 20th century will likely yield the same results: increasing instances of service disruptions, higher operating and repair costs, and the possibility of catastrophic, cascading failures. If the nation is to meet some of the important challenges of the 21st century, a new paradigm for the renewal of critical infrastructure systems is needed. This book discusses the essential components of this new paradigm, and outlines a framework to ensure that ongoing activities, knowledge, and technologies can be aligned and leveraged to help meet multiple national objectives.

DKK 247.00
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Frontiers in Crystalline Matter - Board On Physics And Astronomy - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Frontiers in Crystalline Matter - Board On Physics And Astronomy - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

For much of the past 60 years, the U.S. research community dominated the discovery of new crystalline materials and the growth of large single crystals, placing the country at the forefront of fundamental advances in condensed-matter sciences and fueling the development of many of the new technologies at the core of U.S. economic growth. The opportunities offered by future developments in this field remain as promising as the achievements of the past. However, the past 20 years have seen a substantial deterioration in the United States' capability to pursue those opportunities at a time when several European and Asian countries have significantly increased investments in developing their own capacities in these areas. This book seeks both to set out the challenges and opportunities facing those who discover new crystalline materials and grow large crystals and to chart a way for the United States to reinvigorate its efforts and thereby return to a position of leadership in this field. Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 Introduction2 Science and Technology of Crystalline Systems3 The Status of Activities in the Discovery and Growth of Crystalline Materials4 Conclusions and RecommendationsAppendixesAppendix A: Charge to the CommitteeAppendix B: Biographies of Committee MembersAppendix C: Meeting AgendasAppendix D: Synthesis TechniquesAppendix E: Classes of MaterialsAppendix F: Working Draft of Policies and Procedures for a Crystalline Materials NetworkAppendix G: Educational Role of Centers of Expertise for Discovery and Growth of Crystalline Materials

DKK 370.00
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Key Policy Challenges and Opportunities to Improve Care for People with Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders - Health And Medicine Division - Bog

Key Policy Challenges and Opportunities to Improve Care for People with Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders - Health And Medicine Division - Bog

Behavioral health and substance use disorders affect approximately 20 percent of the U.S. population. Of those with a substance use disorder, approximately 60 percent also have a mental health disorder. Together, these disorders account for a substantial burden of disability, have been associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality from other chronic illnesses, and can be risk factors for incarceration, homelessness, and death by suicide. In addition, they can compromise a person's ability to seek out and afford health care and adhere to treatment recommendations. To explore data, policies, practices, and systems that affect the diagnosis and provision of care for mental health and substance use disorders, the Health and Medicine Division of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine created the Forum on Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders. The forum activities are expected to advance the discussion and generate potential ideas on ways to address many of the most persistent problems in delivering mental health and substance use services. The inaugural workshop, held October 15-16, 2019, in Washington, DC, explored the key policy challenges that impede efforts to improve care for those individuals with mental health and substance use disorders. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop. Table of ContentsFront MatterProceedings of a WorkshopAppendix A: Workshop AgendaAppendix B: Statement of Task

DKK 409.00
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Offshore Situation Room - Gulf Offshore Energy Safety Board - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Offshore Situation Room - Gulf Offshore Energy Safety Board - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

More than a decade after the Deepwater Horizon disaster, the Gulf Research Program convened a diverse group of 60 experts in a virtual event to inform its efforts to enhance resilience to future offshore oil disasters in the Gulf of Mexico region. The event, Offshore Situation Room, took place over three half-days during June 15-17, 2021, and had four main objectives: 1) develop a concise, prioritized list of questions that need to be addressed to support successful prevention, response, and recovery that would minimize the impacts of an offshore oil disaster; 2) provide a collaborative atmosphere where participants can share ideas, capabilities, and information, and build a community dedicated to the successful prevention of, response to, and recovery from an offshore oil spill disaster; 3) explore capabilities for and impediments to prevention, response, recovery, and understanding impacts of an offshore oil disaster in the Gulf of Mexico; and 4) highlight how changes in policy, response, resilience, and restoration efforts may affect outcomes of a major offshore incident. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the event. Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 Introduction2 Opening Plenary: "A Decade Later, Where We Are at and Where We Are Going: A National Incident Commander Perspective3 Incident-Phase Games Observations4 Needs and Planning Game Actions5 Closing Plenary: "What Just Happened?"6 Next StepsAppendix A: Identified ActionsAppendix B: Event AgendaAppendix C: Biographical Sketches of Keynote Speaker and Planning Committee MembersAppendix D: Registered Event Participants

DKK 273.00
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Building Capacity for the U.S. Mineral Resources Workforce - Board On Earth Sciences And Resources - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Building Capacity for the U.S. Mineral Resources Workforce - Board On Earth Sciences And Resources - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

The extraction of mineral resources provides the raw materials necessary to produce the products and technologies on which the global economy depends, including green technologies essential for decarbonization. Mineral extraction requires expertise in a range of areas - including mineral resources identification, environmental evaluation, processing, and reclamation - but many of the U.S. academic programs that have historically educated the U.S. minerals workforce face significant challenges attracting students and maintaining financial viability. For some programs, enrollment dropped 60 percent from 2015 to 2023, despite a growing demand for a minerals workforce. The National Academies convened a workshop on January 23-24, 2024 to consider how the United States can build the capacity of federal and state agencies, academia, and the private sector to meet U.S. mineral workforce needs. Participants addressed the urgent need to attract more students, discussed a need to integrate new disciplines into curricula as the industry evolves, and identified multipronged approaches to help enhance overall retention and recruitment. This proceedings synthesizes the key suggestions presented by participants that universities, companies, and government agencies could take to enhance the recruitment, training, and retention of workers in the mineral resources industry. Table of ContentsFront Matter1 Overview2 Introduction and Context3 Growing Mineral Resources Programs at Universities4 Disciplines and Skills for a Future Mineral Resources Workforce5 Supporting Students and Faculty Through Research Funding and AcademiaAgencyIndustry Partnerships6 Preparing Students Through Internships, Professional Development, and Mentorship7 Growing Interest Among University and 12th-Grade Students8 Improving Retention in the Mineral Resources Workforce9 ReflectionsReferencesAppendix A: Workshop Planning Committee Member BiographiesAppendix B: Statement of TaskAppendix C: Workshop Agenda

DKK 195.00
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Crossing the Global Quality Chasm - Health And Medicine Division - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Crossing the Global Quality Chasm - Health And Medicine Division - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

In 2015, building on the advances of the Millennium Development Goals, the United Nations adopted Sustainable Development Goals that include an explicit commitment to achieve universal health coverage by 2030. However, enormous gaps remain between what is achievable in human health and where global health stands today, and progress has been both incomplete and unevenly distributed. In order to meet this goal, a deliberate and comprehensive effort is needed to improve the quality of health care services globally. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm: Improving Health Care Worldwide focuses on one particular shortfall in health care affecting global populations: defects in the quality of care. This study reviews the available evidence on the quality of care worldwide and makes recommendations to improve health care quality globally while expanding access to preventive and therapeutic services, with a focus in low-resource areas. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm emphasizes the organization and delivery of safe and effectivecare at the patient/provider interface. This study explores issues of access to services and commodities, effectiveness, safety, efficiency, and equity. Focusing on front line service delivery that can directly impact health outcomes for individuals and populations, this book will be an essential guide for key stakeholders, governments, donors, health systems, and others involved in health care. Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 Introduction2 The Path to a High-Quality Future: The Need for a Systems Approach and a Person-Centered System3 Optimizing the Patient Journey by Leveraging Advances in Health Care4 The Current State of Global Health Care Quality5 High-Quality Care for Everyone: Making Informal Care Visible and Addressing Care Under Extreme Adversity6 The Critical Health Impacts of Corruption7 Embedding Quality Within Universal Health Coverage8 Establishing a Culture of Continual LearningAppendix A: Public Meeting AgendasAppendix B: Methods for Rapid ReviewAppendix C: Committee Member BiosketchesAppendix D: Methods for Chapter 4

DKK 500.00
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River Science at the U.S. Geological Survey - National Research Council - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

River Science at the U.S. Geological Survey - National Research Council - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Rivers provide about 60 percent of the nation's drinking water and irrigation water and 10 percent of the nation's electric power needs. The multiple and sometimes incompatible services demanded of rivers often lead to policy and management conflicts that require the integration of science-based information. This report advises the U.S. Geological Survey on how it can best address river science challenges by effectively using its resources and coordinating its activities with other agencies. The report identifies the highest priority river science issues for the USGS, including environmental flows and river restoration, sediment transport and geomorphology, and groundwater surface-water interactions. It also recommends two cross-cutting science activities including surveying and mapping the nation's river systems according to key physical and landscape features, and expanding work on predictive models, especially those that simulate interactions between physical-biological processes. The report identifies key variables to be monitored and data-managed. It proposes enhancements in streamflow, biological, and sediment monitoring; these include establishing multidisciplinary, integrated reach-scale monitoring sites and developing a comprehensive national sediment monitoring program. Finally, it encourages the USGS to be at the forefront of new technology application, including airborne lidar and embedded, networked, wireless sensors. Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 A Rationale for River Science2 Major River Science Drivers and Challenges3 Overview of Federal, State, Non-Governmental, and USGS Activities in River Science4 Priority Areas for USGS River Science5 Monitoring and Data Management for USGS River Science6 Coordinating River Science Activities at the USGS7 RecommendationsReferencesAppendix A - Valuing River Ecosystem ServicesAppendix B - Key River Science Questions and the Data Required to Answer ThemAppendix C - Biographical Sketches for Committee on River Science at the U.S. Geological Survey

DKK 383.00
1

Achieving High-Performance Federal Facilities - Board On Infrastructure And The Constructed Environment - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Achieving High-Performance Federal Facilities - Board On Infrastructure And The Constructed Environment - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

The design, construction, operation, and retrofit of buildings is evolving in response to ever-increasing knowledge about the impact of indoor environments on people and the impact of buildings on the environment. Research has shown that the quality of indoor environments can affect the health, safety, and productivity of the people who occupy them. Buildings are also resource intensive, accounting for 40 percent of primary energy use in the United States, 12 percent of water consumption, and 60 percent of all non-industrial waste. The processes for producing electricity at power plants and delivering it for use in buildings account for 40 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions. The U.S. federal government manages approximately 429,000 buildings of many types with a total square footage of 3.34 billion worldwide, of which about 80 percent is owned space. More than 30 individual departments and agencies are responsible for managing these buildings. The characteristics of each agency's portfolio of facilities are determined by its mission and its programs. In 2010, GSA's Office of Federal High-Performance Green Buildings asked the National Academies to appoint an ad hoc committee of experts to conduct a public workshop and prepare a report that identified strategies and approaches for achieving a range of objectives associated with high-performance green federal buildings. Achieving High-Performance Federal Facilities identifies examples of important initiatives taking place and available resources. The report explores how these examples could be used to help make sustainability the preferred choice at all levels of decision making. Achieving High-Performance Federal Facilities can serve as a valuable guide federal agencies with differing missions, types of facilities, and operating procedures.

DKK 260.00
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Evaluation of Safety and Environmental Metrics for Potential Application at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities - National Research Council - Bog -

Evaluation of Safety and Environmental Metrics for Potential Application at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities - National Research Council - Bog -

By the end of 2009, more than 60 percent of the global chemical weapons stockpile declared by signatories to the Chemical Weapons Convention will have been destroyed, and of the 184 signatories, only three countries will possess chemical weapons-the United States, Russia, and Libya. In the United States, destruction of the chemical weapons stockpile began in 1990, when Congress mandated that the Army and its contractors destroy the stockpile while ensuring maximum safety for workers, the public, and the environment. The destruction program has proceeded without serious exposure of any worker or member of the public to chemical agents, and risk to the public from a storage incident involving the aging stockpile has been reduced by more than 90 percent from what it was at the time destruction began on Johnston Island and in the continental United States. At this time, safety at chemical agent disposal facilities is far better than the national average for all industries. Even so, the Army and its contractors are desirous of further improvement. To this end, the Chemical Materials Agency (CMA) asked the NRC to assist by reviewing CMA's existing safety and environmental metrics and making recommendations on which additional metrics might be developed to further improve its safety and environmental programs. Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 Introduction2 Summary of Current Safety and Environmental Metrics at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities3 Review and Evaluation of Metrics Currently Used at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities4 Assessment of Other Metrics Potentially Applicable to Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities5 Findings and RecommendationsAppendixesAppendix A; GlossaryAppendix B: Safety and Environmental Metrics Employed by Private Companies Surveyed for This ReportAppendix C: Committee MeetingsAppendix D: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members

DKK 276.00
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Proceedings of Government/Industry Forum - Committee For Oversight And Assessment Of U.s. Department Of Energy Project Management - Bog - National

Proceedings of Government/Industry Forum - Committee For Oversight And Assessment Of U.s. Department Of Energy Project Management - Bog - National

Recurrent problems with project performance in the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) in the 1990s raised questions in Congress about the practices and processes used by the department to manage projects. The 105th Committee of Conference on Energy and Water Resources directed DOE to investigate establishing a project review process. Many of the findings and recommendations in this series of reports identified the need for improved planning in the early project stages (front-end planning) to get the project off to the right start, and the continuous monitoring of projects by senior management to make sure the project stays on course. These reports also stressed the need for DOE to act as an owner, not a contractor, and to train its personnel to function not as traditional project managers but as knowledgeable owner's representatives in dealing with projects and contractors. The NRC Committee for Oversight and Assessment of Department of Energy Project Management determined that it would be helpful for DOE to sponsor a forum in which representatives from DOE and from leading corporations with large, successful construction programs would discuss how the owner's role is conducted in government and in industry. In so doing, the committee does not claim that all industrial firms are better at project management than the DOE. Far from it-the case studies represented at this forum were selected specifically because these firms were perceived by the committee to be exemplars of the very best practices in project management. Nor is it implied that reaching this level is easy; the industry speakers themselves show that excellence in project management is difficult to achieve and perhaps even more difficult to maintain. Nevertheless, they have been successful in doing so, through constant attention by senior management. Table of ContentsFront Matter1. Introduction to the Government/Industry Forum2. DOE's Role as Project Owner3. DOE Project Management Accountability and Process Improvement4. The Elements of Project System Excellence5. DuPont's Role in Capital Projects6. Weyerhaeuser Capital Management Process7. CheveronTexaco Project Development and Execution Process8. Question-and-Answer Session9. Wrap-Up Observations

DKK 169.00
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Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 - Health And Medicine Division - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 - Health And Medicine Division - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

For nearly a century, scientific advances have fueled progress in U.S. agriculture to enable American producers to deliver safe and abundant food domestically and provide a trade surplus in bulk and high-value agricultural commodities and foods. Today, the U.S. food and agricultural enterprise faces formidable challenges that will test its long-term sustainability, competitiveness, and resilience. On its current path, future productivity in the U.S. agricultural system is likely to come with trade-offs. The success of agriculture is tied to natural systems, and these systems are showing signs of stress, even more so with the change in climate. More than a third of the food produced is unconsumed, an unacceptable loss of food and nutrients at a time of heightened global food demand. Increased food animal production to meet greater demand will generate more greenhouse gas emissions and excess animal waste. The U.S. food supply is generally secure, but is not immune to the costly and deadly shocks of continuing outbreaks of food-borne illness or to the constant threat of pests and pathogens to crops, livestock, and poultry. U.S. farmers and producers are at the front lines and will need more tools to manage the pressures they face. Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 identifies innovative, emerging scientific advances for making the U.S. food and agricultural system more efficient, resilient, and sustainable. This report explores the availability of relatively new scientific developments across all disciplines that could accelerate progress toward these goals. It identifies the most promising scientific breakthroughs that could have the greatest positive impact on food and agriculture, and that are possible to achieve in the next decade (by 2030). Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 Introduction2 Crops3 Animal Agriculture4 Food Science and Technology5 Soils6 Water-Use Efficiency and Productivity7 Data Science8 A Systems Approach9 Strategy for 2030Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee MembersAppendix B: Open Session Meeting AgendasAppendix C: IdeaBuzz Submissions Synopsis and Contributors

DKK 422.00
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A Review of Methods for Detecting Soreness in Horses - Board On Agriculture And Natural Resources - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

A Review of Methods for Detecting Soreness in Horses - Board On Agriculture And Natural Resources - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

During the last century and today, the Tennessee walking horse has been used primarily for pleasure and show competition. Unique and natural to the breed is a smooth four-beat "running walk" gait. In the 1950s the accentuated or exaggerated running walk, known as the "big lick" became popular at high-level competitions. The combination of exaggerated high-action step in front and long stride behind is still considered desirable in today's horse show competitions, and it is often achieved through soring. Soring is the practice of applying a substance or mechanical device to the lower limb of a horse that will create enough pain that the horse will exaggerate its gait to relieve the discomfort. In 1970 Congress put into law the Horse Protection Act (HPA) to specifically address the practice of soring by prohibiting the showing, exhibition, or sale of Tennessee walking horses that are found to be sore. Sadly, soring is still being done even after 50 years of HPA enforcement. This report reviews the methods for detecting soreness in horses, in hopes of advancing the goal of ultimately eliminating the act of soring in horses and improving the welfare of Tennessee walking horses. A Review of Methods for Detecting Soreness in Horses examines what is known about the quality and consistency of available methods to identify soreness in horses; identifies potential new and emerging methods, approaches, and technologies for detecting hoof and pastern pain and its causes; and identifies research and technology needs to improve the reliability of methods to detect soreness. This independent study will help ensure that HPA inspection protocols are based on sound scientific principles that can be applied with consistency and objectivity. Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 Introduction2 Methods Used to Identify Soreness in Walking Horses3 New and Emerging Methods, Approaches, and Technologies for Detecting Pain and Its Causes4 Review of the Scar Rule for Determining Compliance with the Horse Protection ActAppendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee MembersAppendix B: Open Session and Webinar AgendasAppendix C: The Horse Protection Act of 1970 - Regulations

DKK 331.00
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Sharing Health Data - National Academy Of Medicine - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Sharing Health Data - National Academy Of Medicine - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Sharing health data and information across stakeholder groups is the bedrock of a learning health system. As data and information are increasingly combined across various sources, their generative value to transform health, health care, and health equity increases significantly. Health data have proven their centrality in guiding action to change the course of individual and population health, if properly stewarded and used. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, both data and a lack of data illuminated profound shortcomings that affected health care and health equity. Yet, a silver lining of the pandemic was a surge in collaboration among data holders in public health, health care, and technology firms, suggesting that an evolution in health data sharing is visible and tangible. This Special Publication features some of these novel data-sharing collaborations, and has been developed to provide practical context and implementation guidance that is critical to advancing the lessons learned identified in its parent NAM Special Publication, Health Data Sharing: Building a Foundation of Stakeholder Trust. The focus of this publication is to identify and describe exemplar groups to dispel the myth that sharing health data more broadly is impossible and illuminate the innovative approaches that are being taken to make progress in the current environment. It also serves as a resource for those waiting in the wings, showing how barriers were addressed and harvesting lessons and insights from those on the front lines. In the meantime, knowledge is already available to foster better health care and health outcomes. The examples described in this volume suggest how intentional attention to health data sharing can enable unparalleled advances, securing a healthier and more equitable future for all. Table of ContentsFront Matter1 Introduction and Initiative Background2 Case Study: OpenNotes3 Case Study: The University of Michigan (U-M)4 Case Study: Luna5 Case Study: COVID-19 Evidence Accelerator (EA)6 Case Study: The National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C)7 Case Study: The Yale Open Data Access (YODA) Project8 Case Study: Vivli9 Case Study: The Louisiana Public Health Institute (LPHI) and the Greater New Orleans Health Information Exchange10 Case Study: The Sanford Health System and Sanford Data11 Case Study: Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Carolina12 Case Study: Mayo-Google Partnership13 ConclusionReferencesAppendix A: Key Informant Interview Questions

DKK 208.00
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Modernizing Probable Maximum Precipitation Estimation - Water Science And Technology Board - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

Modernizing Probable Maximum Precipitation Estimation - Water Science And Technology Board - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

For more than 75 years, high-hazard structures in the U.S., including dams and nuclear power plants, have been engineered to withstand floods resulting from the most unlikely but possible precipitation, termed Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP). Failure of any one of the more than 16,000 high-hazard dams and 50 nuclear power plants in the United States could result in the loss of life and impose significant economic losses and widespread environmental damage, especially under the pressures of climate change. While PMP estimates have provided useful guidance for designing critical infrastructure, weaknesses in the scientific foundations of PMP, combined with advances in understanding, observing, and modeling extreme storms, call for fundamental changes to the definition of PMP and the methods used to estimate it. Modernizing Probable Maximum Precipitation Estimation recommends a new definition of PMP and presents a vision for a methodology relevant for design, operation, and regulation of critical infrastructure. The new definition targets precipitation depths with an extremely low exceedance probability instead of assuming rainfall is bounded, and considers specified climate periods so that PMP estimates can change as the climate changes. Near-term enhancements to PMP include improved data collection, model-based storm reconstructions, and strengthened scientific grounding for PMP methods. Long-term model-based PMP estimation will employ kilometer-scale climate models capable of resolving PMP storms and producing PMP-magnitude precipitation. A Model Evaluation Project will provide scientific grounding for model-based PMP estimation and determine when transition to a model-based PMP estimation should occur. Scientific and modeling advances along this front will contribute to addressing the societal challenges linked to the changes in extreme storms and precipitation in a warming climate, which are critical steps to ensuring the safety of our infrastructure and society. Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 Need and Opportunity for a Modernized PMP Approach2 Common Understanding of PMP3 State of the Science and Recent Advances in Understanding Extreme Precipitation4 Critical Assessment of Current PMP Methods5 Recommended ApproachReferencesAppendix A: Committee Member and Staff Biographical SketchesAppendix B: History of PMPAppendix C: Dam CharacteristicsAppendix D: Criteria for a Modern PMP Estimation ProcessAppendix E: R Code used in Report Figures 3-5 and 5-3

DKK 390.00
1